USB-C to Lightning Cable (1 m)

The cable can be used to charge the iPhone from a laptop. It does not in and of itself provide fast charging.

Whether it will be Fast charged, depends on the power output of the usb-c ports on your Laptop.

You can verify the power output of your laptop by looking at its specifications. You need 5 volts at more than 18 watts and 2amps for fast charging. Unlikely any laptop USB port provides that.

You can however, if the laptop is a recent MacBook or MacBook Pro, use its power adapter to fast charge the iPhone with the cable you mention.

See here: Charge your iPhone with an iPad or Mac notebook power adapter - Apple Support

As long as the feature is not mentioned in the specs, then it's not available.

https://www.apple.com/macbook-pro/specs/

MacBook is not a charger.

I'm not sure that MacBook supports power delivery out, but you can check it.