Does the Mac Book Pro (2012) have sound card?

Yes, All Macs have always had very good sound-generating ability.

The question is from an era when all an IBM PC could do without a sound card is boop. One tone, choose your duration.

All Macs have substantial sound-generating capabilities, and when Steve Jobs demonstrated the very first Mac on stage in 1984, the computer spoke and said, "I sure am glad to be out of that Bag." It went on to accompany a live cello.

You should seriously think about the technical [in]competence of the people you are considering working for.

Well - it would have integrated audio. That's usually the case for most notebook computers these days. Only a desktop PC would have "sound cards" and even then I think a lot of new machines have built-in audio of some kind integrated into the main board.

The simple answer is "yes". You might question this requirement from the potential employers; sound cards and integrated sound chips have been standard on most computers for more than a decade, and the requirement suggests that job requirements over the decade have not been well-maintained, or have been maintained by people with limited technical knowledge.