Might be a corrupt .plist.
Do a backup, preferably 2 backups on 2 separate drives.
Go to Finder and select your user/home folder. With that Finder window as the front window, either select Finder/View/Show View options or go command - J. When the View options opens, check ’Show Library Folder’. That should make your user library folder visible in your user/home folder. Select Library. Then go to Preferences/com.apple.finder.plist and com.apple.desktop.plist (depending on your OS version, this .plist may not exist). Move the .plists to your desktop.
Re-launch Finder by restarting the computer and test. If it works okay, delete the plists from the desktop. Then reset your preferences as desired.
If the same, return the .plists to where you got it from, overwriting the newer one.
Thanks to leonie for some information contained in this.
Try setting up another admin user account in System Preferences/Users & Groups to see if the same problem continues. Please post back on whether or not this worked. Also try the Safe Mode. Please post back on whether or not this worked.
Isolating an issue by using another user account
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