According to the list in column D of the table in your screenshot,Ian's suggestion of using conditional highlighting will work well, using a set of seven rules.
Each of the rules will have this structure:
Text ends with -f, -n
or
Text ends with m, -f, -n
Where m, f, and n are the (masculine), feminine and neuter forms for each type.
The masculine ending i optional as the feminine, neuter pair is distinct for each type, so the order of applying the rules is not significant.
Select all of the non-header cells in the column where the colours are to be applied, then create the rules.

Takes you to:

Where you enter the appropriate string containing the text starting with the first - and going to the end of the entry for that Type.
Choosing Custom Style opens the Colors panel, where you can set a custom fill colour, or use the dropper tool (lower left) to copy the colour from an existing cell.
(colours matching one of the listed samples can be set by choosing that 'color fill' in the menu.
A rule is needed for each type except the first. If the content of the cell does not end with one of the tested strings, no conditional highlighting will be applied.
Regards,
Barry
PS: that space in front of the feminine ending in Type 5 will prevent the conditional highlighting of that cell, as "- f…" is not a match to "_f…" Take care regarding typos!
B