Sigh, if only they would give us the choice of functionality over battery life.
I left the phone plugged in, but idle (screen off), and it still disconnects from WiFi, so I suspect something other than battery life is at play here. Is it intentionally crippled without a SIM to discourage us from using iPhones without a mobile plan? It sure seems that way! Disappointed :(
I do see that iOS 13 has a 'persistent personal hotspot' feature that keeps WiFi connected when the device is idle, but only when connected to a hotspot provided by another iOS device. Again, almost what I need, but still too restrictive. Maybe there will be a way to trick it into thinking that a normal WiFi access point is a 'personal hotspot'... Fingers crossed.
-Paul