Can't add my iCloud account/Apple ID to my Macbook Pro as I have an Android phone

An Android phone cannot be a trusted device but it can be a trusted phone number. If yours is, see the following from Two-factor authentication for Apple ID - Apple Support

If you're signing in and don’t have a trusted device handy that can display verification codes, you can have a code sent to your trusted phone number via text message or an automated phone call instead. Click Didn't Get a Code on the sign in screen and choose to send a code to your trusted phone number. You can also get a code directly from Settings on a trusted device. Learn how to get a verification code.

You may want to contact Apple Support. I don't know of another way to get the code sent other than what is described in Get a verification code and sign in with two-factor authentication - Apple Support