Apple id is locked for security reasons spam

I got a mail yesterday. It says that this Apple id is locked for security reasons and asked me to click the link to unlock it. I didn’t think and i clicked the link and i entered my apple id and password and then it asked me to fill a form including my name, birth date, adress etc. At that point i realised that it was spam. I didn’t fill the form. I changed my password immediately. But i wonder what can i do more to secure my apple id or can they do anything bad? And also did they send me some kind of virus via the link?