16” MacBook Pro battery charge status

If you have the lid open, and plug it in, it will provide the battery percentage. There are some chargers with lights, but they are only USB-C, so they will take a long time to charge a MacBook Pro. (Some do not charge them at all) Here is one: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01FHSKVNK/

No. No indicator light any more since that’s on the MagSafe head. And no button to view an approximate battery charge level like on Unibody MBPs or on the external batteries of older Macs.

Not sure if there are any USB-C cables that have an LED to indicate if power is flowing or stopped. I have a USB-A power adapter that puts out a red light if enough power is drawn and goes green if little power is drawn. Also kind of flashes with some devices. If it’s important to you, then maybe a similar USB-C power adapter might be useful (if they exist). You can power any new Mac notebook computer with almost any USB power supply, although how much power is provided may be an issue.

There is no external indicator.

There is also no penalty whatsoever for leaving the Power Adapter attached while YOU are sleeping. Your MacBook Pro will essentially NEVER over-charge.