charging more than Maximum capacity

You're not making any sense. Are you trying to understand about battery health or maximum capacity? If the battery health goes down, that means that the maximum capacity has gone down. There's no means to charge more than the maximum capacity because the charging system will stop charging. Most batteries theoretically have a little more room for charge beyond a specified maximum capacity, but it creates all sorts of issues including reduction in battery longevity and risk of fire. But the system is automated and designed to stop charging before it gets to such a condition.

We aren't Apple employees except for those who are identified as Apple employees. This is a primary a user to user forum.

That's not what it means. It (battery health) means that the maximum capacity is 83% of the original design capacity.

100% state of charge (displayed next to the battery icon) represents a full charge level to that 83% battery health. What 100% represents is a little bit more complicated, but I won't get into the details.

If battery health is 50%, that means a 100% state of charge for that battery is 50% of what a 100% state of charge was when new.

It means that your batter is beginning to age and can only be charged to 83% of what it was new. The battery can't be charged more that the 83%. In time it will go down to where it would be wise to replace it. I did that with my iPhone 7.

As you've already been made aware of we're all uses like yourself who volunteer to help others with their problems. Apple owns and runs this site but normally doesn't actively participate in the topics.

Some points to keep in mind.

We are using the words maximum capacity in two different contexts ( with two different meanings ).

There is the maximum capacity when new.

Batteries can only be re-charged so many times. Manufactures hid this fact in the fine print. A battery's maximum capacity declines over time. That is a well used battery doesn't hold as much charge as a new battery. This is another fine print fact.

So, there is the new maximum capacity. There is the current maximum capacity. You can only charge a battery to the current maximum capacity.

Hence, you current capacity is 83% of what it was like when new ( new maximum capacity ) or 17% worse than a new battery.

see this article

https://www.apple.com/batteries/maximizing-performance/

Robert

You can charge it until it reaches 100% as displayed on the little icon on the screen. But when it gets to 100% that does represent the maximum capacity. It won’t charge more than the maximum capacity.

If you have and use Macintosh computers, you can download a battery minder utility called Coconut Battery. Besides telling you all sorts of interesting information on the Mac and its battery, if you plug the iPhone while the program is running, it will also tell you a lot more info on the phone's battery. And even let you keep a log of its behavior so you can graph how it ages and loses capacity as it wears out.