Is this the original RAM or has the laptop been upgraded with third party RAM? Macs are very picky about the memory used.
You can double check both RAM modules are securely latched. Re-seating the memory is also a good idea. Just make sure the upper memory module nearest the Keyboard is fully latched in place after installing the second module nearest the Bottom Case. Sometimes when installing the second module it will cause the first module to become unlatched. You can use a non-metallic item such as a toothpick to press on the edge of the memory module nearest the Keyboard (just don't damage the very small components on the memory module).
On many of these MBPros the lower memory slot nearest the Bottom Case can become damaged over time so there is a very good chance this slot is bad. Try removing the memory from the slot nearest the Bottom Case to see if it solves your problem.
It is also possible one of the memory modules is bad. You should use the upper memory slot nearest the Keyboard to test each one individually.
Make sure to disconnect the power adapter and the battery before removing or installing the memory. Be very careful not to damage the small triangular protrusions on the sides of each memory latch.