Hello Stephen,
thank you for coming back to this thread and also for the link to the Macrumors forum!
I'm curious if your backup will fix this. But honestly, I'm a bit sceptic as I imagine that the BridgeOS is probably installed on a permanent memory area within the T2 chip. And I'm doubtful, if a backup will restore that memory area too. (It's i.e. often the case that installers don't overwrite pieces of software that are newer than the software the installer would install itself).
As a fresh Mojave install did not fix the issue for one user over at a german Mac forum, this seems an indication that the BridgeOS/T2 firmware is written directly into the chip and is not being replaced with a "simple" reinstallation of macOS.
But on the other side, it seems that a clean install had resolved the issue for one user at the Macrumors forum, when I'm interpreting a posting over there correctly. At least until he reinstalled the SecUpd.
The actual build number of BridgeOS (after the SecUpd 2020-002) reads 17P4263, according to the user who tried the re-installation, it was 17P2551 before. (Can be checked either in the Panic report itself, or by "System Informations > Hardware > Controller" {most likely different on non-english OS, it's "Steuerung" on german macOS}, but one will notice the mentioning of the T2 Secure chip anyway).
For me, the Mojave 10.14.4 update firstly introduced issues with the USB/Thunderbolt Bus. Apple fixed problems with USB-Audio Interfaces at that time, but effectively rendered a passive LMP USB-3 4-port hub useless for me, as this then introduced a repetitive mouse stuttering every few seconds. This issue still does apply as of today (when I check the hub out of curiosity), so I was forced to buy an active USB-2 hub instead.
Am using Macs for over 20 years now and also have the feeling that the overall quality has somewhat dropped. Or Apple feels pressed to release software with more and more features, even when it's not yet entirely tested.
At this time, I think I will still wait a while for a fix through Apple prior to doing a clean install…
All the best for your attempt, take your time. It's ready when it's ready.
Best regards,
Roger Simon