apple earphones not working on my iphone 7 plus

Hello! So I have a third-hand iPhone 7 Plus. I am quite disappointed on how they removed the earphone jack, but they kind of remedied that by providing wired earphones that can be plugged to the charging port and AirPods as well. I have a wireless earphones although only one side works, so I'm pretty sad about it. I decided to borrow my brother's earphones and plugged it into the charging port, but it doesn't work! The phone doesn't detect the earphones at all, so all audio comes out at the speakers. The earphones work on my iPad and my brother's iPhone 11, so maybe it has something to do with mine? The only real issue my phone has is the microphone, it's completely out of order.

Does it have something to do with it? Or is there some setting I didn't configure? Please help me. Thanks!