Appleid

You need another trusted device or telephone number.

See Two-factor authentication for Apple ID - Apple Support:

A trusted device is an iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch with iOS 9 and later, or a Mac with OS X El Capitan and later that you've already signed in to using two-factor authentication.

Get a verification code and sign in with two-factor authentication - Apple Support

See the Apple Support article(s) below.

Apple ID - Recover your Apple ID with two-factor authentication account recovery.