No, not without selecting Use Both on the dialog that results from name space filename collision, and appending a generation number to the filename for each occurrence of the same original filename.
In a case-insensitive filesystem, ABC.txt and abc.txt share the same name space. When you get the Finder dialog that offers to use both, cancel, or replace, the use both will append a generation number to the filename.
If I copy IMG_0321.JPG into a folder, and then repeat this copy, when I choose Keep Both, then I have two identical, content files in the folder:
IMG_0321.JPG
IMG_0321 2.JPG
and on a third copy and selecting Keep Both, the IMG_0321 3.JPG joins its predecessors. There is no alternative to this Finder naming convention when depositing duplicate filenames into the same folder.