First of all make sure you have a backup of all the data on the external drive. Backups are just as important for an external drive as for your main drive on the computer.
Try running Disk Utility First Aid on the drive assuming you have macOS managing the drive.
To attempt to check the health of the external drive run DriveDX and post the report here using the "Additional Text" icon which looks like a piece of paper. You may need to install the special USB driver in order for DriveDX to be able to properly communicate with the drive. However, even with the special USB driver it may not be possible to check the health of the drive because some drive enclosures do not permit the necessary communication.