Same happened here on the 3 iDevices we upgraded yesterday to 13.5.1 (still have 2 other iPads on 13.4, leaving as is for now)
My wife's iPhone SE is getting awfully hot after the upgrade. Mail is using most of the battery while she is not using it (so background only). For me on iPhone XS it is saying Siri is using 70%. Again background only, as I don't even use Siri (disabled it now).
iPad Air 2 has gone to 60% in 1 hour or so, when just doing a bit of browsing. Normally this is less than half.
I do all my updates via Wifi for the last 10 years now, have never used PC/MAC to do this. This is the first time I encounter this 'battery drain' issue. I really hope they bring a fix for this soon.
From other people I heard disabling Bluetooth + refresh in background solved it for them. Obviously I'm trying this as well now, but it's too soon to say if this is actually helping. It does seem to be an issue with apps using lot of CPU in background though.
Also from another (Dutch) forum I read people had already tried backup/restore, but that did not help either unfortunately. So don't spend hours on that.