How to choose an old back up to restore you phone

my iPhone 11 had an issue so they gave me a new phone at the Apple store yesterday. Instead of restoring it to my old phone they basically set it up as a new phone. Now I noticed that all my notes, and other important things are no longer on my new phone. Luckily I backed it up On the iCloud before hand. So now on this new phone, how can I restore it with my last back up from my old phone so I can get all my stuff back?