Restoration from a broken iPad

A few months ago my iPad was broken, and my mum threw it out (without telling me) as I wasn't able use it anymore. Now all of the photos I have on that iPad are gone. I thought I backed up what I had on my iPad to my iCloud account, however, when I sign onto my iCloud account on my phone and tap on my iPad, no backups come up, all it shows is the model, version and serial number. I don't know why this is. Is there any way I can attempt to retrieve my photos?