Hi,
Correct, there are never updates displayed when I click Updates as the App Store apparently assumes that none of the Apps are actually installed on my device. Automatic updates are turned on but the automatic updating never happens. I have the issue for all the apps (i.e. all apps under my account show the cloud symbol) and this also happens in safe mode.
The cloud symbol only goes (temporarily) away when I click it and the app is downloaded. Then the Open button is shown. But as soon as I log out and back in, the cloud symbol reappears in the App Store.
I have also tried to completely remove the app and re-install it but as soon as I log out and back, the cloud symbol reappears. Also signing out of my Apple ID and back did not make a difference.