The email you received is a well-known scam. Ignore/delete it. Don't input any data. If you didn’t enter data, you don't have a problem.
But, could you have given you Apple ID password to the scammer If yes, then:
Change your Apple ID password https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201355
Here is What to do after you change your Apple ID or password https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204071
And, see How to identify scams related to purported apple notifications—per Eric Root.
“Apple will always address you by your name or the name they have on file for you, not Dear Customer, Dear Client or by using your e-mail address. The e-mail will be from @apple.com or @iTunes.com. E-mail addresses can be spoofed. You can go to Mail/View/Message/Show all Headers to see more. Apple emails won't have poor grammar/misspellings. Apple e-mails will never contain an attachment. Apple will never request personal information by email such as Social Security numbers, your Mother’s maiden name or full credit card numbers. …The only exception to the above I have noticed is if you order something from the Apple Store (apple.com), your receipt will be addressed to Dear Apple Customer. That is a receipt for a purchase you initiated.”