You have to follow the instructions exactly. Notably, it doesn't say to close System Preferences after setting the stock dynamic wallpaper to Dynamic, and if you do close it, and it was set to Light (Still) or Dark (Still), when you set the dynamic wallpaper as the desktop in Finder, it will be set to Light (Still) or Dark (Still) and when you go back it will be the overlaid setting you see.
To start over, set the desktop to any still image, close and reopen System Preferences > Desktop & Screen Saver, set to the dynamic Catalina, switch the dropdown to Dynamic, then with the preference pane open, go to Finder and secondary-click on the wallpaper .heic file, then select "Services" → "Set Desktop Picture". Then you can close System Preferences and you'll have your custom dynamic wallpaper.