Hi, Boxfordapple.
Welcome to the Apple Support Communities. We’re glad you decided to reach out about the issue you’re experiencing with the Mail app on your iPhone. If we understand correctly, after you updated your iPhone 11 Pro to iOS 14, emails that have been deleted from your email account on your Mac are not reflecting on your iPhone, but changes made on your iPhone do reflect on your other devices.
We suggest starting with some basic troubleshooting on both devices:
- Update both devices to the latest iOS/macOS version
- Quit and re-open the Mail app on both devices
- Restart both devices
- Restart your Wi-Fi equipment, if using the same Wi-Fi network
If we’re on the same page, try finding the disconnect. When you delete an email from your Mac the sequence moves from your Mac to the email server to your iPhone. Try deleting an email on your Mac, check it in the Gmail web login from a computer browser, and then check your iPhone. If it deletes from the webmail version but not your iPhone, you know the connection is between your email server and your iPhone. In this case, you might try removing and re-adding your Gmail account on your iPhone.
This article doesn’t address your exact issue, but the “Remove your email account and set it up again” section will show you the exact steps to take here:
If you can’t send email on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch - Apple Support
If it doesn’t delete from your webmail version, you know the issue is with the connection between your Mac and your email server. You can try removing and re-adding on your Mac instead.
Troubleshoot email problems in Mail on Mac - Apple Support
Note that you should never remove and re-add the email account as a troubleshooting step if the email is a POP account.
All our best.