If you have a passcode set to your iPhone then the thief is not going to have access to your iPhone. If the thief uses a computer to bypass the passcode then all of the data will be deleted and then thief will face an Activation Lock. To remove that, the thief will need your Apple ID and Password which you will, of course, not provide. The iPhone will then become useless to the thief. Note that you should leave that iPhone in the device list of your Apple ID. Do not remove it.
You can use your computer to log into ➔ www.icloud.com and use the Find My section of the page to locate your iPhone. Note that your iPhone must have a charge left and be able to connect to the internet to broadcast its location. You may not see anything if your stolen iPhone cannot connect to the internet.
Axel F.