I got an email claiming to be from Apple, opened it and clicked on the link

I received an email that said it was from Apple, the email said I needed to recover my iCloud or it would be shut down in 24 hours. It had a case number with it. There was a link there to reset my iCloud info and when I clicked on it it tried to go to a website but then went straight onto google. I obviously then realised it was a scam so I went into my settings and changed my password. Will my details now be exposed to whoever/whatever this scam is?