You only read one link. Keep reading. One of the other links provides more details on what Apple was providing for 911.
As for international emergency-call geolocation, that will vary by country, and by region, and by carrier.
If you have a specific country of interest beyond the obviously US-centric discussions here, you'll need to identify that country or region for further discussions here, or for discussions directly with the folks at Apple, or discussions with the communications and regulatory authorities in the particular country or region.
Having gone through telco product regulatory approval in various countries and regions, it's very much an ever-shifting patchwork of rules and regulations and opinions and carriers, too.
And GPS location and street addresses aren't a panacea for emergency responders, even in areas with so-called 911 addressing or 911 house-numbering plans. Nor are the built-in automotive crash notifications, for that matter.
If this topic interests you, I'd suggest discussions more directly with local emergency services and with the local or regional dispatch services, and with regional and national telecommunications regulators. Some localities and some regions and some countries are a little more organized here, and others... not so much.