reinstalling apps

If that is a store-bought VISA debit card or gift card, sometimes the system will honor one and most of the time it rejects them.

The system prefers bank-issued credit and debit cards.

If you are going to buy a card, why not buy an iTunes/App Store gift card and redeem it for a credit balance on your Apple ID?

Do you have a valid payment method in your account?

Unless you have a NONE option in your payment methods in your account details, you must have a functioning payment method, even for free apps.

M1 Mac mini, macOS 11.4; Watch, series 5 GPS/cellular, watchOS 7.5; iPad Pro 2nd Gen, iPadOS 14.6; iPad Air 2, iPadOS 14.6; iPhone 12 Pro, iOS 14.6; TV 4th Gen, tvOS 14.6  HomePods, audioOS 14.6 and Airport Express w/ Airplay 2