I understand that you are asking whether a Lightning to USB-C cable (came with your iPhone) will be more efficient to use instead of a Lightning to USB cable for CarPlay and charging purposes in your automobile. Your automobile will require a USB-C input port as well for this to work. If it only has a USB input port for CarPlay then you will have to remain with your current setup.
CarPlay will have no performance improvement if you use it with a USB input or a USB-C input. You will not know the difference.
Now, the charging speed may be faster through the USB-C port if your automobile allows it while using CarPlay. You will need to confirm this from the manufacturer of your automobile.
Axel F.