How can I retrieve messages off an old phone that is disabled

Sorry, I have no idea what you mean.

Mjnjake2 wrote:

I did back it up when I switched to my new phone but my messages did go over.

OK, since your messages did “go over”, there is no issue. Your new iPhone received all your messages from the old iPhone’s backup.

Your subsequent post appears to show a disabled iPhone which is likely beyond help and irrelevant here.

Once a catastrophe occurs, it is too late to retrieve any data. Backups must occur before catastrophes.