dead I-Phone 8

Hi,

my I-Phone 8 has totally died and so I cannot sign in to my Icloud account on PC because the two factors authentication doesn't work (no access to my phone number to check the codes Apple sends me).

How can I use the phone number of another I-Phone or Apple device?

Due to missing back-up I have lost everything that was in my phone, maybe can I find my stuff in Icloud on the PC? How can I log in without my phone number and device?