Apple-ID 2FA "This phone number has been used too many times. Choose a different number."

I don't see this mentioned in any of the online documentation so you may have to reply upon what official Apple Support can tell you.

Click here --> https://support.apple.com/choose-country-region Select your country, then a product. If you don't see one that handles your issue then keep experimenting with selections until you reach one that gets you a chat session or a telephone call and get the representative to redirect you.

or:

Contact Apple for support and service --> "See a list of Apple phone numbers around the world."

Click here --> https://support.apple.com/HT201232

I would imagine this is part of Apple's means of trying to restrict how many AppleIDs one person makes (just like the lifetime limit of 3 new iCloud accounts created on any one Apple device).

Most people only have one AppleID (maybe two if they want one with payment information and one without).