To check the phone number, log into your Apple ID.
Apple ID - Manage
You can only see devices that are currently logged into your Apple ID. There isn't a list of devices previously logged in.
You might want to consider changing your password and making sure it is a strong one. You can also add 2 Factor Authentication to your account for more security. If the attempts continue, you might want to consider a name change.
Link to contact Apple Support in the article.
Apple ID has been compromised. *
Security and your Apple ID. *
Device and Data Access when Personal Safety is At Risk -
Checklist: If you want to see if anyone else has access to your device or accounts *
Apple ID Password Change. -
Note the restrictions in the article.
Apple ID Name Change. *
What to do after you change your Apple ID or password - Apple Support * I suggest doing this before you change your Apple ID or password.
Apple ID -Two-factor authentication *
Two Factor Authentification availability. *
2 Factor Authentication - How to generate a recovery key. *
Apple ID - Using app-specific passwords. *
Apple ID - Two Step Verifications FAQ *