Storage almost full, stuck at apple logo on boot. Error 1110 trying to update OS. Help recover data.

I have an iPhone XS Max that had most of the memory used. I opened Instagram and it started being glitchy and lagging while running. I closed out all the apps open and started to clear out pictures for more storage. The phone was still being glitchy with apps. I deleted more pictures and went to reboot for a fresh start. The phone never made it past the apple logo on boot. Really frustrating to potentially lose all my data for simply using my phone.

Trying to resolve the issue and get my phone back, I connected the phone to my computer and put it in recovery mode (How to Fix an iPhone in a Boot Loop - User Tip). I didn't want to lose any data on the phone, so I only wanted to use the "Update" option which was available since I believe I was running 14.8 on the phone. Trying to update to 15.1, I got "Unknown error 1110". Which I believe I read somewhere to be a error related to not having enough storage available on the phone to install the OS.

I took the phone to an Apple store and spent some time with a Genius. They attempted the same things I had done with the same results unfortunately.

Apple please provide a solution to this issue so I don't lose all of my data, simply for using my phone. Obviously I now have forked over the money to have a larger iCloud for backups and data, but that doesn't help my current situation. Proposed solution - lightweight or headless OS that allows for connection to phone from a computer to verify user and retrieve and manage data on the phone. This would allow someone to make room for the latest OS or just reset the phone and put the data they want back on it.