Has my Apple ID been hacked?

See the instructions here if you feel your Apple ID was compromised. If you think your Apple ID has been compromised - Apple Support

What makes you believe the card was used? Did you receive an email receipt of some kind. That is the easiest phishing attempt used to get you to provide actual account info. If you check your card statement online, does it show this purchase? If so, contact them to dispute the charge and have them begin an investigation. Your Apple Wallet is much more secure than that, and it does not even contain your actual credit card number. For that card to be compromised, they would have to have your actual iOS device and login details to be able to use your wallet.

VERY DOUBTFUL; you still need your physical device and biometrics to make ApplePay transactions.

ANY credit card can still be compromised by “traditional” card fraud methods …

… but it does NOT mean that it was compromised via your wallet.

Report to card issuer and get a replacement; depending on your issuer, you might even find the “replacement” card in your wallet and ready to use as soon as you complete your call.