I was transferring photos from to my new iPhone and I deleted the photos off my old iPhone permanently now they are no longer on my new iPhone. How can I get them back. I transferred via my iCloud

Check Recently Deleted -- see: If you're missing photos or videos in the Photos app - Apple Support

As you have found, iCloud Photos is a syncing service. Any photo you delete from a device where iCloud Photos is turned on will also be deleted from iCloud and from any other device connected to iCloud Photos. You can potentially reduce the storage space required on a device by turning on Optimize Storage. See: Set up and use iCloud Photos - Apple Support

If you want to turn off iCloud Photos on a device, see the information in: https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204570