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Can I use photo booth in a zoom meeting?
iMac 27″, macOS 12.2
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No, the answer is the same. You need to use the Zoom app. You seem keen on using a different camera though so to add one bit of information: You can use a different camera with Zoom. It's one of the few bits of software that can. Inbuilt cameras on a Mac are generally prevented from using other software for reasons someone else can explain better than myself.
Sometimes I use a software camera with Zoom, meaning that it uses the inbuilt FaceTime camera, but through iGlasses rather than the Apple software supporting the FaceTime camera. This gives a bit more functionality to the camera and is nice to use. I've had it for some years, but never used it much until Zoom came along. One day I tried it as an option in Zoom's video preferences and it worked to my surprise.
You could try an external camera - though I haven't tested this with Zoom and my iMac.