Can I remotely see if an iphone has (Find my phone) turned on?

Yes, using any browser log in to https://icloud.com/find using the Apple ID used to enable Find My on the phone. If the phone appears in the list of devices Find My is turned on. If it isn’t powered on or doesn’t have a network connection it will still appear, but will display “offline”.

Go to iCloud.com/find. If the device is powered, connected to a network, and FindMY is enabled, it will display.