How can I lift the 5 hour Touch ID on a phone so the passcode doesn’t have to be entered?

There is presently no means available to do that, short of disabling security, and which will then disable other features that might be enabled.

The passcode is the device security, Touch ID is a way to avoid entering it quite as often, which can make using a longer and more robust passcode more tenable..

There is no means to disable nor to alter the Apple defaults for entering the passcode, and Apple documents when the passcode will be required on page 22 of the platform security document — and you are likely referring to the at-least-every-four-hours requirement for Touch ID here, too.

Long your feedback with Apple, as they may or may not see requests posted here: Product Feedback - Apple