Not sure if I understand what you are asking correctly.
The Time Capsule backs up everything on your Mac, so you have two copies of your data......one "original" or "master" copy on your Mac and the other backup copy on the Time Capsule.
If you remove any "original" or "master" data on the Mac......then it follows that you will have only one copy of the data left on the Time Capsule.......AND.....you will have no backup of that data if the hard drive on the Time Capsule fails.......something that would not be unusual if your Time Capsule is 6-7 years old or older.
It would be much better if you simply added another USB drive and connected it directly to your Mac.......and then move the data that you want to move off of the Mac over the USB drive. Then........Time Machine will back up both your Mac and the data on the USB drive over to the Time Capsule. So, you still have your "original" or "master" copies in one location and separate backups of everything on another drive.
The bottom line.....which users unfortunately often seem to forget........if you have only one version of your data in one place or location.......you have no backup.
As far as partitioning the Time Capsule is concerned........it is not possible to set up traditional separate partitions on the Time Capsule drive unless you physically pull the hard drive drive from the Time Capsule, copy everything on the Time Capsule over to another hard drive, erase the Time Capsule drive and then set up separate partitions on the Time Capsule drive. Once that is done, the data on the drive will need to be copied back over to the Time Capsule drive, and then the Time Capsule drive will need to be reinstalled on the Time Capsule. This type of undertaking is strictly for the pros.
It is possible to create what is known as a "disk image" on the Time Capsule to reserve a certain amount of space that you specify, but unfortunately this is a complicated process that goes beyond the scope of the support that we can offer on this user-to-user support forum.
In other words, we can tell you "how" to try to set up a disk image on the Time Capsule......see the link below.......but we will not be able to offer support if things go wrong. You can get an idea of the process by reviewing the steps in this document:
Create a disk image using Disk Utility on Mac - Apple Support