Unlike Word, or LibreOffice Writer (Word clone), Pages does not split cells on page boundaries. And by default, a table will spill onto the next page only if the Arrange panel's Text Wrap is set to Inline with Text and the single column does not violate the first sentence.
In the thirty years I spent in the computer industry, I never knew of anyone writing their CV in a table. You might get away with it if submitting a CV as PDF. Since Pages must perform a translation to get that .pages document to Word .docx, I highly recommend that if you are submitting a CV as a Word document, that you open it in MS Word before uploading it to an employer site. Applicant tracking software is real finicky about Word document content and layout.