Backup to icloud
How do I backup phone but not photos
iPhone 8 Plus, iOS 15
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See the article Apps and features that use iCloud - Apple Support
When you first set up iCloud on a device, iCloud storage is automatically turned on for certain apps. Some iCloud features are also turned on automatically. You can turn these on or off at any time and customize the settings for each device.
Set up iCloud on all your devices - Apple Support
Once photos box is turned off , also disable automatic iCloud back up How to back up your iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch with iCloud - Apple Support
Then back up your iPhone Back up iPhone - Apple Support