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How does Time Machine Handle Disk Space?

Does it remove older backups when an external drive fills up or do you have to do that manually?


I ask because I clicked "backup now" yesterday morning and let it run all day. That was July 9, 2002.


Today, the next day, I'm still showing my last possible date as May 21, 2022. I am assuming that is the last full backup that Time Machine did, so I'm wondering if this is a disk storage issue or something else.

MacBook Pro Apple Silicon

Posted on Jul 10, 2022 4:57 AM

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Question marked as Top-ranking reply

Posted on Jul 10, 2022 5:01 AM

Your first Time Machine backup includes everything on your Mac. After that, Time Machine finds and saves only new and changed items, so the backups become smaller. Also, as your backup disk fills up, Time Machine deletes older backups to make room for new ones. You may be able to use Time Machine for a long time before running out of space.


If you do run out of space, it’s best to connect a new backup disk. After you connect the new disk, open Time Machine preferences, then select it as your Time Machine backup disk.


To save space on your backup disk, you can choose items to exclude from backups.


  1. On your Mac, choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Time Machine .
  2. Click Options, then do one of the following:

i. To add an item, click the Add button , then select one or more items to add to the list of excluded items. You can also drag items to the list.

ii. To remove an item, select it in the list, then click the Remove button .

  1. Click Save.


Hope this answered your question!

2 replies
Question marked as Top-ranking reply

Jul 10, 2022 5:01 AM in response to smith43

Your first Time Machine backup includes everything on your Mac. After that, Time Machine finds and saves only new and changed items, so the backups become smaller. Also, as your backup disk fills up, Time Machine deletes older backups to make room for new ones. You may be able to use Time Machine for a long time before running out of space.


If you do run out of space, it’s best to connect a new backup disk. After you connect the new disk, open Time Machine preferences, then select it as your Time Machine backup disk.


To save space on your backup disk, you can choose items to exclude from backups.


  1. On your Mac, choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Time Machine .
  2. Click Options, then do one of the following:

i. To add an item, click the Add button , then select one or more items to add to the list of excluded items. You can also drag items to the list.

ii. To remove an item, select it in the list, then click the Remove button .

  1. Click Save.


Hope this answered your question!

Jul 10, 2022 5:06 AM in response to smith43

It doesn't sound like it backed up anything, yesterday.


It will try to delete old backups, but only to the point that you have at least one copy of the files on your Mac. Each backup does not copy the previous backup and add changes. It only includes changes from the previous backups.

Today, the next day, I'm still showing my last possible date as May 21, 2022. I am assuming that is the last full backup that Time Machine did, so I'm wondering if this is a disk storage issue or something else.

It is the last backup it did. Optimally, it will only do one full backup. If it finds corruption, it will notify you that it is creating a new full backup. It will also notify if it is full.


It will normally notify you that it failed to complete a backup in the Time Machine System Preferences.

How does Time Machine Handle Disk Space?

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