iPhone 12 Pro Max became a dead unit due to a hardware failure

It would depend on what the hardware failure is. If it is a screen they MIGHT be able to replace it and save your data. If it is something on the logic board they will only offer to do an out-of-warranty replacement so your data is gone. Depending on how important this data is you might want to find a competent 3rd party repair site that can do micro soldering and see what they can do.

At an Apple Store you can do an out of warranty replacement for a fee or you can buy a new iPhone.

Apple has never done piecemeal repairs on iDevices since they were first introduced. This is why they have provided simple means to back up them up.