The thing you might have missed is that Apple got fed up with Intel's ability to deliver a product with a good speed*power product, and decided they could do better themselves.
When Intel could not get their processors to run any faster without melting, they decided to add a second set of processor-internal registers and a little control logic, and pretend there was another whole processor there. When operands (like things from slow main memory) were late, they could pick up a different instruction stream, and do a little computing while waiting.
It is short of another full processor, but is often detected as an additional processor. It real-world computer power is about 1/3 of the compute power of a real processor.
Your Apple-silicon M1 Ultra processor has 10 real cores, no multi-threading. it doesn't need those tricks -- it's already fast.