Greetings moogert,
See if you can access wallpapers from the Lock Screen, as outlined in the following article:
Change the wallpaper on your iPhone - Apple Support
"Change your wallpaper from the Lock Screen
- Make sure that you previously set up Face ID on your iPhone. To change your wallpaper from the Lock Screen, Face ID must clearly see your eyes and the areas around them.
- On the Lock Screen, touch and hold your Lock Screen to open your wallpaper gallery.
- To select a wallpaper you already created, swipe left and right. To add a new wallpaper, tap the Add button
."
To further troubleshoot, test after checking for an update to iOS and restarting your iPhone:
"How to restart your iPhone X, 11, 12, or 13
- Press and hold either volume button and the side button until the power-off slider appears.
- Drag the slider, then wait 30 seconds for your device to turn off. If your device is frozen or unresponsive, force restart your device.
- To turn your device back on, press and hold the side button (on the right side of your iPhone) until you see the Apple logo."
Kind regards.