Hey there AmberTSR,
Thanks for reaching out to the Apple Support Communities. To get started, with System Preferences closed, if you open Finder, go to Menu > Applications, and open the System Preferences from this location does the issue occur if you click on any other preference pane other than the one that was previously giving you the error?
If possible, we'd recommend testing the issue by opening a few preferences panes. If the issue doesn't occur while opening other preference panes, go ahead and try opening the Apple ID preference pane once more to see if the issue occurs again.
If you see the error when opening other preference panes, or if the issue still only occurs when opening the Apple ID preference pane, we'd recommend testing the issue in a new admin user account. This can help to determine if the issue is isolated to your account, or if the issue is system-wide.
For steps on how to create a new user account, check out this link here under the "Add a user" section: Set up users, guests, and groups on Mac - Apple Support
Add a user
1. On your Mac, choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Users & Groups .
If the lock at the bottom left is locked , click it to unlock the preference pane.
2. Click the Add button below the list of users.
3. Click the New Account pop-up menu, then choose a type of user.
4. Enter a full name for the new user. An account name is generated automatically. To use a different account name, enter it now—you can’t change it later.
5. Enter a password for the user, then enter it again to verify. Enter a password hint to help the user remember their password.
6. Click Create User.
Keep us updated on the results, and we'll continue from there.
Take care!