Yes, I've been able to get it to work. Although I don't like what I've had to do: to disable what IMHO is a more important MacOS feature as an undocumented workaround in order to get the Continuity Camera webcam feature to work.
Firstly, you need to make sure that you're all the documented necessary system requirements. The requirements not only for Continuity features in general, and the additional ordinary Continuity Camera features, but for the specific "Continuity Camera: Use iPhone as a webcam for Mac" features.
Fortunately, this Apple Support article lists all the necessary requirements:
Continuity Camera: Use iPhone as a webcam for Mac - Apple Support
Make sure you're meeting all of those requirements, and I also suggest testing to make sure that all other Continuity Camera features work.
Use Continuity Camera to scan or take a picture with your iPhone from within any of these supported apps on your Mac:
- Finder
- Keynote 8.2 or later
- Mail
- Messages
- Notes
- Numbers 5.2 or later
- Pages 7.2 or later
- TextEdit
For example, within Notes (on Mac) click on some spot within a note, then click on Notes -> File -> insert from iPhone or iPad. Making sure that whatever you choose actually works on your iPhone.
If if it works, then within Photo Booth or FaceBook (on your Mac) click on, say FaceBook -> Camera and (if your iPhone is locked and set down somewhere so that its rear camera would be taking a landscape photo or video of you) if you find that your iPhone's camera is selected but you NOT getting video from it on your Mac ... well, you've uncovered a bug in the form of an undocumented requirement!-)
What I've found: on my Mac, by turning off System Settings -> Network -> Firewall, followed by restarting my Mac, I could then actually use my iPhone as a Continuity Camera webcam for my Mac.
Turning off my Mac's firewall is *not* something I like to do. I regard having to do so as a MacOS bug that I'm in the process of reporting to Apple.