I'm just another user but my understanding is that they will be able to. I have a specific variation on this same basic question, however.
For older (but by no means antique yet) Apple devices like the iPhone SE, whose latest iOS update is 15.7.2, or the iPhone 6 and 5s, whose latest iOS version is still 12.5.6, the Settings > yourusername at the top > iCloud menu does not show the same option to use Advanced Data Protection which appears now (on the same menu) on devices operating with iOS 16.2.
Do we take this to mean that these devices can't be included in the Apple ID account that opts into new iCloud data protection options (until some possible future iOS update modifies this menu to include them)? Thanks.