This annoys me as well, but that's Google for ya.
It does the same thing on Windows, though you can uncheck the box and not have these added (in Windows only, because... well, reasons). They're shortcuts to Google services in web, that's correct, partially because Google doesn't have standalone desktop productivity apps for them like Numbers, Keynotes, Word, Excel etc. do.
I've used Finder to remove those shortcuts: locate them in Finder -> Applications, select them one-by-one or all of them, hit Command + Backspace (or whatever this key is called on Apple keyboard), confirm the removal - and you're good to go.
Also, few notes about unattended installation - when you start the installer (of whatever software) and authorise with your password (or TouchID/FaceID), you're essentially granting it all privileges (to a degree) to do whatever it needs to install what IT wants and create as many shortcuts as IT wants to create. Look no further than DaVinci Resolve - this is the amount of shortcuts and programs that one installer... well, installs, in one go.

So, it's a perfect time to just give a reminder - be very careful with what you download and where.