If I delete my download files, will I lose my documents and pictures?

You will lose only the files that you choose to delete.

If you delete your downloads folder, then you will lose whatever that folder contains.

Please see: Organize files in folders on Mac - Apple Support

Also: Organize your files in the Finder on Mac - Apple Support

ChaseE9 wrote:

I am trying to clean up my computer, and part of that would be to delete my download files. If I delete the download files, will I lose documents and pictures that I have saved?

You will lose the files in the download folder if those are the files you delete.. If you have saved the files in other locations they will not be deleted unless you select these files to delete..

ChaseE9 wrote:

If I delete my download files, will I lose my documents and pictures?

I'm sorry but it is difficult to understand what you are asking. If you download a file (document or picture) then delete the file (document or picture), yes the file (document or picture) will be deleted.