Apple stopped providing individual update/patch downloads with macOS 10.15 Catalina. All Apple updates with macOS 11.x+ is done through the Software Update System Preferences/Settings.
There is a command line utility, "softwareupdate", which can download some macOS pieces, but I don't know if this applies to individual OS updates. See this article for some details and examples...while the article shows the option for installing updates, you can try replacing the "-i" for install, with "-d" for download only.
https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/apple-mac-os-x-update-softwareupdate-bash-shell-command/
AFAIK, this is the only possible option.